Ubuntu

About Ubuntu

AAA

Ubuntu version

lsb_release -a
uname -a

Install instructions

prepare

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

install time synchronization

apt-get -y install chrony
echo server time1 iburst >> /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
echo server time2 iburst >> /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
echo server time3 iburst >> /etc/chrony/chrony.conf
systemctl disable ntp
systemctl stop ntp
systemctl enable chrony
systemctl restart chrony
chronyc sources
chronyc tracking

install email server

dpkg-reconfigure postfix ### or
apt-get install postfix ### select "satellite system", enter full hostname "xxx.triumf.ca", enter "smtp.triumf.ca"
echo olchansk@triumf.ca >> ~root/.forward
mailx root
test
^D

install missing packages

yes | apt-get -y install ssh
yes | apt-get -y install git subversion g++
yes | apt-get -y install libz-dev sqlite sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev libmysqlclient-dev unixodbc-dev
yes | apt-get -y install sqliteman
yes | apt-get -y install libssl-dev
yes | apt-get -y install sysstat smartmontools # also installs postfix
yes | apt-get -y install emacs xemacs21
yes | apt-get -y install mutt # email client
yes | apt-get -y install liblz4-tool pbzip2
yes | apt-get -y install libc6-dev-i386 # otherwise no /usr/include/sys/types.h
yes | apt-get -y install libreadline-dev
yes | apt-get -y install chromium-browser chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra
yes | apt-get -y install ubuntu-mate-themes
yes | apt-get -y install minicom
yes | apt-get -y install screen

install libz.so.1 for CentOS compatibility

yes | apt-get -y install zlib1g
yes | apt-get -y install zlib1g:i386 libc6:i386 libgcc1:i386 gcc-6-base:i386

install libpng12.so.0 for Quartus compatibility

(does not work anymore!!!)

wget http://ftp.ca.debian.org/debian/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u2_amd64.deb
dpkg --install libpng12-0_1.2.50-2+deb8u2_amd64.deb

install packages for building ROOT

apt-get -y install libx11-dev libxpm-dev libxft-dev libxext-dev libpng-dev libjpeg-dev xlibmesa-glu-dev libxml2-dev libgsl-dev cmake

install desktop environments

• install MATE desktop

yes | apt-get -y install ubuntu-mate-core ubuntu-mate-desktop
yes | apt-get -y install ubuntu-mate-themes

• install Cinnamon desktop

### not needed 18.04 LTS ### add-apt-repository ppa:embrosyn/cinnamon
yes | apt update
yes | apt-get -y install cinnamon

• install KDE desktop

yes | apt-get -y install kubuntu-desktop

• install Lxqt desktop

yes | apt-get -y install lxqt

• install Xfce4 desktop

yes | apt-get -y install xfce4

install ROOT

Please install ROOT per instructions at http://root.cern.ch.

NOTE1: The ROOT package available from Ubuntu repositories is severely out of date and cannot be used with MIDAS and ROOTANA. ### DO NOT DO THIS! apt-get install root-system

NOTE2: as of 2017-Jan-09, ROOT binary kits for Ubuntu do not work (use GCC 5 instead of GCC6), build from source instead.

Post installation

• setup hostname

xemacs -nw /etc/hostname ### add .triumf.ca to the hostname if it is missing

• install Konstantin's scripts

mkdir ~root/git
cd ~root/git
git clone https://ladd00.triumf.ca/~olchansk/git/scripts.git
cd scripts
git pull

• enable root login from ladd00

ssh localhost
CTRL-C
/bin/cp ~root/git/scripts/etc/authorized_keys ~root/.ssh/

• enable automatic updates 1

sudo apt-get install unattended-upgrades
edit /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50unattended-upgrades ### uncomment "-updates", uncomment "::Mail "root"", uncomment allowed-origins -security and -updates

• enable automatic updates 2

add this to /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/10periodic

APT::Periodic::Update-Package-Lists "1";
APT::Periodic::Download-Upgradeable-Packages "1";
APT::Periodic::AutocleanInterval "7";
APT::Periodic::Unattended-Upgrade "1";

NIS instructions

• apt-get -y install portmap nis ### will ask for NIS domain (LADD-NIS)
• ypwhich -m
• edit /etc/default/nis
  • set "NISSERVER=slave"
  • set "YPSERVARGS=-p800"
• edit /etc/yp.conf", comment-out everything, add "domain LADD-NIS server localhost"
• /usr/lib/yp/ypinit -s ladd00
• systemctl restart nis
• ypwhich -m
• ypcat -k passwd
• apt-get -y install autofs
• systemctl enable autofs
• vi /etc/nsswitch.conf ### add the automount line, modify the passwd, group and shadow lines to read this:

passwd: files nis
group: files nis
shadow: files nis
automount:  files nis

• systemctl restart autofs
• enable hourly update of NIS maps

cd ~/git/scripts/etc
git pull
ln -s $PWD/ypxfr-cron-hourly /etc/cron.hourly

• ### NOT NEEDED sudo vi /etc/idmapd.conf ### add line: "Domain = triumf.ca"
• reboot

Fix systemd NIS breakage

there is a delay in ssh logins for normal users. "ssh -v" shows the delay is after "pledge...". this fix removes the delay.

systemd developers think that we should not use NIS and made sure there are problems if we do. To give them credit, they do offer a workaround. Read this: https://github.com/poettering/systemd/commit/695fe4078f0df6564a1be1c4a6a9e8a640d23b67

mkdir /etc/systemd/system/systemd-logind.service.d
echo -e "[Service]\nIPAddressDeny=\n" > /etc/systemd/system/systemd-logind.service.d/local.conf
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl cat systemd-logind.service

Install sddm display manager (DO NOT DO THIS)

• apt-get install sddm
• apt-get install sddm-theme-"*"
• create sddm.conf:

root@daqubuntu:~# more /etc/sddm.conf
[Theme]
Current=maldives
root@daqubuntu:~# 

• dpkg-reconfigure lightdm (select sddm)
• reboot

Enable lightdm display manager

systemctl disable gdm
systemctl disable sddm
systemctl enable lightdm

Install libpng12.so.0

Quartus 16 needs libpng12:

wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/main/libp/libpng/libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb
dpkg --install libpng12-0_1.2.54-1ubuntu1_amd64.deb

Install google-chrome

Instructions from here: https://www.ubuntuupdates.org/ppa/google_chrome?dist=stable

wget -q -O - https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub | apt-key add -
sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/ stable main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google.list'
apt-get update
apt-get install google-chrome-stable

Disable unwanted services

systemctl disable mpd
systemctl disable snapd
systemctl disable ModemManager

Update packages

• apt-get update # update package list
• apt-get dist-upgrade # install updated packages and update "kept back" packages
• apt-get autoremove # remove packages that apt thinks should be removed

Finish installation

• reboot

shutdown -r now

Update to new version of Ubuntu

vi /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades # set "Prompt=normal"
do-release-upgrade

Ubuntu package manager

• apt-get install xxx # install package xxx
• apt-get update
• apt-get upgrade
• apt-get dist-upgrade
• apt-get autoremove # remove automatically installed packages required by a removed package
• apt-get remove xxx # remove package xxx
• apt-cache search . # list all available packages
• apt-cache show "." | grep ^Package # list al available packages
• apt-cache madison root-system # show all available versions of package root-system
• apt list # list all installed packages
• dpkg --listfiles libpng16-16 # list all files from this package
• apt list --installed # list all installed packages