SLinstall
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Notes
- these instructions are periodically updated to include items needed for older/newer versions of Linux. They are marked like this: (SL4.2+) means Scientific Linux 4.2 and newer; (SL4 is equivalent to FC3). (FC5 only) means Fedora Core 5; etc.
- obsolete items are marked by the "#" sign at the beginning of the line and sometimes have a comment about the reason for removal.
- typically, we do not "upgrade" machines using the Red Hat "upgrade" function. Instead, we save critical files from the old installation and do a "fresh install" from scratch
Preparation
- save /etc, /var, /root, /opt, (if needed: /usr/local, /tftpboot) by rsync to some data disk (/ladd/data0/root)
- check that "/" partition (it will be overwritten) is different from /home1 and /data partitions
- note the MAC addresses of all network interfaces, add them to ladd00 dhcpd.conf to enable PXE boot into the SL "network installer"
- shutdown
Running SL installer
- Start installation of the new system:
- IMPORTANT: if you have WDC "advanced partitioning disks" (4kB sectors), disks have to be repartitioned before use, see special instructions (TBW) (note: use fdisk -H 224 -S 56 /dev/sdx)
- (NOT AVAILABLE ANYMORE) boot from latest "SL5 kickstart" CD from Kelvin Raywood or PXE boot the latest SL installation image. after the system enters graphical mode, one can remove the CD- the installation is running over the network
- boot from ladd00 PXE server - after power up, during BIOS POST, press BIOS "boot selection menu" key (F8, F12, etc). The MAC of the network interface should be listed in the ladd00 dhcpd.conf file. In the PXE boot menu, select SL6x-64 kickstart install.
- linux will boot into the graphical installer
- two questions will be asked: how to partition the disks and the root password. The rest of the installation is automatic.
- to partition the disks, select "Custom partioning":
- If using a single SSD (30 or 60 GB), use whole disk for "/" partition (no swap partition)
- If using single HD, create 4 primary partitions (see below)
- If using dual HDs (should be same size), create 4 "RAID1" (see below) (DO NOT USE LVM)
- Use these partition sizes:
- "/" - 40GB - md0 or sda1
- swap - 32 GB - md1 or sda2
- "/home1" - 100 GB - md2 or sda3
- "/data" - remaining disk space - md3 or sda4
- if installer asks questions about boot loader, accept default settings
- package installation will proceed automatically
- when finished will ask "press button to reboot"
- boot newly installed system
- if installing without a kickstart, some questions need to be answered:
- Firewall: disabled
- SELinux: disabled
- KDump: disabled
- Date and Time: leave kickstart defaults (should be NTP using TRIUMF time servers)
- Create user: skip - will be handled during post-installation
- The system will reboot again
- after the final reboot, login as root and proceed with post-installation.
Configure SSH
(+CentOS7)
- Login from the console
- restore the SSH keys from backup (/etc/ssh/*key*)
- service sshd restart
- ssh into the new machine as root
- ssh root@localhost, ctrl-C
- ### this is done later from Konstantin's git repository - scp root@ladd00:/root/authorized_keys ~root/.ssh/
- (not needed for SL5.5 kickstart) check that /etc/ssh/ssh_config contains "ForwardX11 yes" and "ForwardX11Trusted yes":
echo " ForwardX11 yes" >> /etc/ssh/ssh_config echo " ForwardX11Trusted yes" >> /etc/ssh/ssh_config
Configure disks, partitions, raid arrays and filesystems
NOTE1: For compatibility with the SL6 installer, use "fdisk -u" when creating new partitions.
NOTE2a: For 2TB disks or bigger, use "gdisk" to create GPT partitions (yum install epel-release; yum install gdisk)
NOTE2c: (SL6) 3TB, 4TB, 6TB disks do not require anything special - proceed with installation as normal.
Typical disk configuration for DAQ use has 2 large disks with system ("/"), swap, home and data partitions, fully mirrored across the 2 disks using RAID1 software raid (MD).
In this fully mirrored configuration, a DAQ system will continue to operate without interruption and without performance degradation when there is a full or partial failure of either of the two disks.
If disks are hot-swappable, the failed or defective disk can then be physically replaced by a spare, the spare disk can be partioned and added to the RAID1 array, restoring full normal operation, without shutting down or rebooting the system or interrupting data taking. (Since SATA, eSATA and USB are always electrically hot-swappable, disk hot-replacement is more of a mechanical issue).
For small disks using traditional partitions (<=2TB) a typical layout looks like this:
[root@ladd06 ~]# fdisk -l ### use "fdisk -lu" instead!!!
Disk /dev/sdb: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes
...
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 * 1 5100 40960000 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb2 5100 9179 32768000 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb3 9179 21927 102399603+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdb4 21928 91201 556443405 fd Linux raid autodetect
Disk /dev/sda: 750.2 GB, 750156374016 bytes
...
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 5100 40960000 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda2 5100 9179 32768000 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda3 9179 21927 102399603+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sda4 21928 91201 556443405 fd Linux raid autodetect
...
[root@ladd06 ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1]
md3 : active raid1 sdb4[1] sda4[0]
556442245 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 0/5 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[0]
102398507 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1]
32766908 blocks super 1.1 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 0/1 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk
md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1]
40959928 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 1/1 pages [4KB], 65536KB chunk
...
[root@ladd06 ~]# df -kl
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/md0 40316208 6222676 32045536 17% /
/dev/md2 100790232 192116 95478192 1% /home1
/dev/md3 547709948 202404 519685432 1% /data6
...
[root@ladd06 ~]# swapon -s
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/md1 partition 32766900 0 -1
Typical size of partitions:
- /dev/md0 : "/" : 40 Gbytes should be sufficient. SL5 fits into an 8GB "/" and SL6 fits into a 16GB "/".
- /dev/md1 : swap : 32 Gbytes. Additional swap space can be added using a swap file located on the data disk.
- /dev/md2 : "/home1" : 100 Gbytes. User home directories backed up by the amanda site backup system. Space is limited by the capacity and capability of the backup and archiving system used to protect user data against accidental file deletion, filesystem corruption and disastrous system failures.
- /dev/md3 : "/data" : data partition uses the remaining space on the disks.
Usually, the "/" and swap partitions are created through the SL installer program. The /home and /data partitions can be created at the same time.
Otherwise, for traditional partitions (disks <2TB) follow these instructions:
- create the partitions using fdisk or similar (this example creates a 60 GB partition):
- fdisk -cu /dev/sda
- Command (m for help): n
- Command action ... p
- Partition number ... 2, 3 or 4 according to what has been defined before
- First cylinder ... default
- Last cylinder ... +60000M or default
- Command action ... t
- Partition number ... : 2, 3 or 4 according to what has been defined before
- Hex code ... : fd
- Command action ... p to check all is correct
- Command (m for help): w
- fdisk /dev/sdb and repeat as above
- Reboot the machine
For GPT partitions (disks >=2TB), do this:
- install gdisk: yum install epel-release; yum install gdisk
- gdisk /dev/sdX
- if this is a new disk, do "o" to create a blank partition table
- "n" to create new partition:
- accept default for partition number
- accept default for first sector
- for last sector, say "+40G" to create 40 Gbyte partition, accept default to use all remaining disk space
- for partition type, say "fd00" to create an mdadm raid partition
- "p" to print the partition table
- "d" to delete wrong partition
- "w" to save and exit
Typical GPT layout:
[root@isdaq01 ~]# gdisk -l /dev/sdh GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10 Partition table scan: MBR: protective BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: present Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT. Disk /dev/sdh: 3907029168 sectors, 1.8 TiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): D4FCDE83-12BD-4118-ACA2-702F0E2E57C2 Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 3907029134 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 2014 sectors (1007.0 KiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 2048 83888127 40.0 GiB FD00 Linux RAID 2 83888128 150996991 32.0 GiB FD00 Linux RAID 3 150996992 360712191 100.0 GiB FD00 Linux RAID 4 360712192 3907029134 1.7 TiB FD00 Linux RAID [root@isdaq01 ~]#
- Check the newly created partitions: fdisk -lu /dev/sda; fdisk -lu /dev/sdb
- mdadm --create /dev/md2 --metadata=1.0 --bitmap=internal -l 1 -n 2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb3
- Check the progress of building the RAID with: more /proc/mdstat
- When finished: mkfs -t ext4 /dev/md2; tune2fs -i 0 -c 0 /dev/md2
- mkdir /home1
- Add to /etc/fstab: "/dev/md2 /home1 ext4 defaults 1 2"
- Finally mount this new partition: mount -a
- Repeat from "mkfs" for each of the data partitions
- At this point you should have these disk partitions (single-disk in parenthesis)
- /dev/md0 (/dev/sda1, sdb1) is the system partition, 40 GBytes or more
- /dev/md1 (/dev/sda2, sdb2) is the swap partition, 32 GBytes or more
- /dev/md2 (/dev/sda3, sdb3) is the /home1 partition, 100 GBytes or more
- /dev/md3 (/dev/sda4, sdb4) is the data partition
- Add array descriptions to /etc/mdadm.conf:
- mdadm -Ds >> /etc/mdadm.conf
- emacs -nw /etc/mdadm.conf ### remove duplicate entries
Example /etc/mdadm.conf:
MAILADDR root AUTO +imsm +1.x -all ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=1.0 name=isdaq01.triumf.ca:0 UUID=055f0455:18401f41:b12abf53:2b23eca0 ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=1.0 name=isdaq01.triumf.ca:1 UUID=dde05275:17961aaf:7c864e3a:c51477d6 ARRAY /dev/md2 metadata=1.0 name=isdaq01.triumf.ca:2 UUID=e430ba44:361f1807:41f0c491:53c10438 ARRAY /dev/md3 metadata=1.0 name=isdaq01.triumf.ca:3 UUID=a34d8c5b:cb65a435:be8ee01d:7f988927
- (SL5.5 or newer) enable raid1 bitmap files, for each /dev/mdX device: mdadm --grow --bitmap=internal /dev/mdX
Restore data from backups
- (on midm15/midm9b/midm20 only) install correct ethernet driver eepro100 not e100
- restore /home (non-NIS) or /home1 (NIS) and other required user directories from backup. (Can use /triumfcs/trshare/midas/Disks/rsync_back.csh ).
- if needed, for non-NIS only, make a softlink for /home1: ln -s /home /home1
- restore users accounts (non-NIS and NIS master only): edit /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow, append users' login info to the end of these files from the backup versions.
Post installation
- emacs -nw ~root/.forward, (create file if not present, or restore from backup) In file add email address of the person(s) to receive root's email: echo "olchansk@triumf.ca" >> ~root/.forward
- emacs -nw /etc/sysconfig/network
- set "HOSTNAME=" (set it to blank to use hostname from DHCP)
- set "NETWORKWAIT=yes"
- (not needed for SL6.1, NEEDED for SL6->6.1 update) in /etc/hosts, remove exteraneous entries - only entries for localhost and localhost6 should remain
- disable selinux: edit /etc/sysconfig/selinux, change line to read: SELINUX=disabled, reboot later for change to take effect
- chmod a+r /var/log/messages
Post installation CentOS7
- echo "olchansk@triumf.ca" >> ~root/.forward
- chmod a+r /var/log/messages
Disable "persistent network names" (DO NOT DO THIS)
/bin/touch /etc/udev/rules.d/75-persistent-net-generator.rules /bin/rm /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules #shutdown -r now
Configure NIS master (OPTIONAL)
(do not use SL6.2 for NIS master)
- yum install ypserv
- domainname DEAP-NIS
- cd /var/yp
- edit Makefile
- change NOPUSH=false
- change the "all:" entry to read: all: passwd group netgrp shadow auto.master auto.home auto.local ypservers
- touch /etc/netgroup /etc/auto.home /etc/auto.local ./ypservers
- make
- inspect created NIS maps: ls -l DEAP-NIS
- chkconfig ypserv on
- chkconfig ypxfrd on
- chkconfig yppasswdd on
- service ypserv start
Configure NIS client
- run "authconfig --enablenis --enablepreferdns --nisdomain LADD-NIS --update"
- if NIS server is SL6.2, add "--nisserver=ladd00" to above command
- (not needed with --enablepreferdns above) run "sed 's/^hosts:.*/hosts: files dns/' -i /etc/nsswitch.conf" (to undo a mistake from authconfig)
- On the master NIS node (ladd00), add this new node to /etc/netgroup, and update NIS maps (cd /var/yp; make)
- Use "system-config-users" to add local user accounts
- NIS: check user accounts: run "ypcat -k passwd"
- echo "NISTIMEOUT=5" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
- echo "NETWORKWAIT=yes" >> /etc/sysconfig/network
Configure NIS client CentOS7
yum -y install ypbind echo "NISTIMEOUT=5" >> /etc/sysconfig/network echo "NETWORKWAIT=yes" >> /etc/sysconfig/network authconfig --enablenis --enablepreferdns --nisdomain LADD-NIS --nisserver ladd00.triumf.ca --update ypwhich ypcat -k passwd
- On the master NIS node (ladd00), add this new node to /etc/netgroup, and update NIS maps (cd /var/yp; make)
- Use "system-config-users" to add local user accounts
- enable selinux ssh key login to nfs mounted home directories:
setsebool -P use_nfs_home_dirs 1
Configure NIS secondary server (OPTIONAL)
(do this only if needed)
(do not use SL6.2 for NIS secondary server!)
- yum install ypserv
- /usr/lib64/yp/ypinit -s ladd00 (/usr/lib/yp/ypinit on 32-bit machines)
- chkconfig ypserv on
- service ypserv start
- service ypbind restart
- on the NIS master:
- add the new machine to /var/yp/ypservers, run "make -C /var/yp" and also "cd /var/yp; yppush -h newmachine ypservers"
- if using /var/yp/securenets, copy it from NIS master to new NIS secondary server
Configure AUTOFS
- (if NIS master or standalone) check /etc/auto.* against backups, particularly auto.master if NIS master
- (if needed) add "+auto.master" at the end of /etc/auto.master
- restart autofs to use the newly configured NIS maps: "service autofs stop; service autofs start"
Configure AUTOFS (CentOS7)
yum -y install autofs systemctl enable autofs systemctl start autofs ls -l /daq/daqshare
Configure time
Verify time and date configuration. Run "ntpstat", it should say "synchronised to NTP server (142.90.x.y). If not:
- (SL6.0) rpm -vh --upgrade http://mirror.triumf.ca/rpmindex/fedora/archive/updates/12/i386/python-slip-0.2.13-1.fc12.noarch.rpm (see https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=720848)
- (BROKEN) (SL6.1) rpm -vh --upgrade http://mirror.triumf.ca/rpmindex/fedora/archive/updates/12/i386/python-slip-0.2.13-1.fc12.noarch.rpm http://mirror.triumf.ca/rpmindex/fedora/archive/updates/12/i386/python-slip-dbus-0.2.13-1.fc12.noarch.rpm http://mirror.triumf.ca/rpmindex/fedora/archive/updates/12/i386/python-slip-gtk-0.2.13-1.fc12.noarch.rpm (see above)
- (BROKEN) (SL6.1, SL6.2) rpm -vh --upgrade http://mirror.triumf.ca/rpmindex/fedora/archive/updates/13/i386/python-slip-0.2.13-1.fc13.noarch.rpm http://mirror.triumf.ca/rpmindex/fedora/archive/updates/13/i386/python-slip-dbus-0.2.13-1.fc13.noarch.rpm http://mirror.triumf.ca/rpmindex/fedora/archive/updates/13/i386/python-slip-gtk-0.2.13-1.fc13.noarch.rpm
- (SL6.2) yum --enablerepo=sl-fastbugs update "*slip*"
- run "system-config-date"
- check "use network time"
- enter NTP servers: time1, time2, time3
- say "OK" (if there is an error about writing config files, say "cancel")
- chkconfig ntpdate on; chkconfig ntpd on; service ntpd stop; service ntpdate start; service ntpd start
Configure time (CentOS7)
Time server ntpd was replaced by chronyd.
yum -y install chrony echo server time1 iburst >> /etc/chrony.conf echo server time2 iburst >> /etc/chrony.conf echo server time3 iburst >> /etc/chrony.conf systemctl enable chronyd systemctl restart chronyd chronyc sources chronyc tracking
- if desired, edit /etc/chrony.conf, remove non-triumf time servers
Configure system updates
- enable kernel updates: sed 's/^EXCLUDE=/#EXCLUDE=/' -i /etc/sysconfig/yum-autoupdate
Configure system services
- chkconfig --list | grep :on | sort (to see enabled services)
- disable unwanted services:
(only if amanda is not used) -> chkconfig --level 12345 xinetd off chkconfig --level 12345 canna off chkconfig --level 12345 FreeWnn off chkconfig --level 12345 hpoj off chkconfig --level 12345 ip6tables off chkconfig --level 12345 iptables off chkconfig --level 12345 isdn off chkconfig --level 12345 pcmcia off chkconfig --level 12345 rhnsd off chkconfig --level 12345 spamassassin off chkconfig --level 12345 bluetooth off chkconfig --level 12345 apmd off chkconfig --level 12345 iiim off chkconfig --level 12345 fenced off chkconfig --level 12345 ccsd off chkconfig --level 12345 cpuspeed off chkconfig --level 12345 pcp off chkconfig --level 12345 pmie off chkconfig --level 12345 yum-updatesd off chkconfig --level 12345 clvmd off chkconfig --level 12345 cman off chkconfig --level 12345 lvm2-monitor off chkconfig --level 12345 modclusterd off chkconfig --level 12345 yum-updateonboot off chkconfig --level 12345 cmirror off chkconfig --level 12345 lock_gulmd off chkconfig --level 12345 firstboot off chkconfig --level 12345 ricci off chkconfig --level 12345 gfs off chkconfig --level 12345 scsi_reserve off chkconfig --level 12345 openibd off chkconfig --level 12345 arptables_jf off chkconfig --level 12345 auditd off chkconfig --level 12345 avahi-daemon off chkconfig --level 12345 hplip off chkconfig --level 12345 iscsi off chkconfig --level 12345 iscsid off chkconfig --level 12345 mcstrans off chkconfig --level 12345 pcscd off chkconfig --level 12345 restorecond off chkconfig --level 12345 setroubleshoot off chkconfig --level 12345 xend off chkconfig --level 12345 xendomains off chkconfig --level 12345 kudzu off #chkconfig --level 12345 yum-cron off chkconfig --level 12345 kdump off chkconfig --level 12345 libvirt-guests off chkconfig --level 12345 libvirtd off chkconfig --level 12345 spice-vdagentd off chkconfig --level 12345 ksm off chkconfig --level 12345 ksmtuned off chkconfig --level 12345 iscsi off chkconfig --level 12345 iscsid off chkconfig --level 12345 openct off
Erase unwanted packages
(+CentOS7)
yum erase PackageKit # bugs users about security updates yum erase perl-homedir perl-local-lib # creates $HOME/perl5
Configure external package repositories
(+CentOS7)
yum install elrepo-release epel-release
Install missing packages
(these packages are sometimes missing, they are needed to follow following instructions instructions)
(SL6.5: libotf is a dependancy of emacs - SL6.5 installer fails to install it)
yum install ed patch wget git libotf gdisk
Configure TRIUMF packages
(TRIUMF kickstart usually installs this automatically)
# TL Was rpm -vh --install http://mirror.triumf.ca/triumf/6/x86_64/RPMS/triumf-release-1.4-1.noarch.rpm rpm -vh --install http://mirror.triumf.ca/triumf/6/x86_64/Packages/triumf-release-1.4-1.noarch.rpm yum install triumf-automount triumf-ssh triumf-syslog service autofs restart ### (triumf-automount changes the autofs maps)
Configure Konstantin's scripts
(+Centos7)
mkdir ~root/git cd ~root/git git clone http://ladd00.triumf.ca/~olchansk/git/scripts.git cd scripts git pull
Configure TRIUMF mirror of yum repositories
/bin/cp ~/git/scripts/etc/triumfcs-mirror-SL6.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
Configure trusted ssh keys
(+CentOS7)
ssh localhost interrupt by Ctrl-C /bin/cp ~/git/scripts/etc/authorized_keys ~/.ssh/
Configure hardware sensors
- yum install lm_sensors kmod-k10temp kmod-coretemp
- sensors-detect (accept default answer to all questions - press ENTER)
- service lm_sensors restart (to reload the kernel modules)
- sensors (to see available sensors)
If no sensors are detected by standard drivers, follow motherboard-specific instructions at the bottom of this page.
Configure coretemp CPU sensors
On some machines, the coretemp driver for Intel CPU temperature sensors is not loaded after the above steps.
- sensors | grep coretemp ### number of sensors reported should be the same as the number of CPU cores
- if output is blank, add this to /etc/rc.local
emacs -nw /etc/rc.local modprobe coretemp
Configure IPMI sensors
Some machines support the IPMI interface for monitoring the hardware: fan speeds, temperatures, voltages.
- find out if IPMI is supported. Try this:
dmidecode | grep -i ipmi
if output is not blank, IPMI is maybe supported.
- install and enable IPMI software:
yum install "OpenIPMI*" ipmitool service ipmi start ipmitool sensor ### to confirm IPMI is present. If output is blank, do not go further. chkconfig ipmi on chkconfig ipmievd on service ipmi restart service ipmievd restart tail -100 /var/log/messages ### look at messages logged by ipmievd
- (CentOS7) install and enable IPMI software:
yum install "OpenIPMI*" ipmitool systemctl start ipmi ipmitool sensor ### to confirm IPMI is present. If output is blank, do not go further. --- unfinished... chkconfig ipmi on chkconfig ipmievd on service ipmi restart service ipmievd restart tail -100 /var/log/messages ### look at messages logged by ipmievd
- if ipmievd complains about SEL buffer overflow, clear it manually:
ipmitool sel list ### show ipmi messages in raw format ipmitool sel elist ### show ipmi messages in useful format ipmitool sel elist > file ### save ipmi messages into a file ipmitool sel clear ### clear all accumulated ipmi messages
- useful ipmi commands:
- ipmitool sensor -- read hardware sensors
- ipmitool sel elist -- report all accumulated messages
Configure SMARTD (CentOS7)
- edit /etc/smartmontools/smartd.conf
- in the DEVICESCAN line, remove the "-M exec ..." switch, the file should read something like this:
#DEVICESCAN -H -m root -M exec /usr/libexec/smartmontools/smartdnotify -n standby,10,q DEVICESCAN -H -m root -n standby,10,q
- edit /etc/smartmontools/smartd_warning.sh
- in the line "export SMARTD_SUBJECT", add ":$SMARTD_DEVICE" after "$hostname", it should read something like this:
export SMARTD_SUBJECT="SMART error (${SMARTD_FAILTYPE-[SMARTD_FAILTYPE]}) detected on host: $hostname:$SMARTD_DEVICE"
- run: smartd -q onecheck
- if there are smart warnings, email should be sent to root (and forwarded according to ~root/.forward)
Enable User Disk Quotas (OPTIONAL)
- read http://docs.redhat.com/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Storage_Administration_Guide/ch-disk-quotas.html
- emacs -nw /etc/fstab, add "grpquota,usrquota" to filesystem options, e.g.:
[root@isdaq00 home1]# grep quota /etc/fstab UUID=5a2aefbd-45db-475e-841e-12ec89220fbd /home1 ext4 defaults,grpquota,usrquota 1 2
- cd /; umount /home1; mount /home1
- quotacheck -cug /home1
- quotacheck -avug
- quotaon -av
- quota system is now active
- increase the soft quota time limit from default 7days to 30 or 60 days: edquota -t
- set quotas for all users (see below)
- setup warnquota:
- create warnquota config file: emacs -nw /etc/warnquota.conf
# values can be quoted: MAIL_CMD = "/usr/sbin/sendmail -t" FROM = root SUBJECT = User %i@%h exceeded allocated disk quota CC_TO = "root" # If you set this variable CC will be used only when user has less than # specified grace time left (examples of possible times: 5 seconds, 1 minute, # 12 hours, 5 days) # CC_BEFORE = 2 days SUPPORT = "root" # Text in the beginning of the mail (if not specified, default text is used) # This way text can be split to more lines # Line breaks are done by '|' character # The expressions %i, %h, %d, and %% are substituted for user/group name, # host name, domain name, and '%' respectively. For backward compatibility # %s behaves as %i but is deprecated. MESSAGE = User "%i" on "%h" has exceeded the allocated disk quota.||Please delete any unnecessary files on following filesystems or|contact the system administrato r to increase your quota allocation:| SIGNATURE = --|automated email from warnquota
- note that %i@%h in the SUBJECT line do not seem to work
- create cron job: emacs -nw /etc/cron.daily/warnquota
#!/bin/sh warnquota #end
- chmod a+x /etc/cron.daily/warnquota
- touch /etc/crontab
Useful commands for managing quotas:
- repquota -a | sort -n -k3 ### show quota of all users sorted by disk usage
- edquota -u username ### open "vi" editor to change user quotas
- repquote -a | grep username ### report quota for given user
- setquota -u username 0 0 0 0 /home1 ### disable quotas for given user
- setquota -u username 50000000 100000000 0 0 /home1 ### set quotas for 50GB soft and 100GB hard
- edquota -t ### change user quota time limits
- edquote -tg ### change group quota time limits
Enable NFS server (CentOS7)
- create /etc/exports. example:
/home1 @home_export(rw,no_root_squash,async) /data1 @data_export(rw,no_root_squash,async)
- check the netgroup file
- if using NIS: check NIS netgroup: ypcat -k netgroup
- if no NIS, create /etc/netgroup: @daqmachines (deap00,,) (deap01,,) (deap02,,)
- if no NIS, edit /etc/nsswitch.conf, make the netgrooup line read: "netgroup: files"
- enable things, start them:
firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=nfs firewall-cmd --reload firewall-cmd --list-all systemctl enable nfs-server systemctl start nfs-server systemctl status nfs
Enable NFS V3 server
- edit /etc/hosts.allow, add or uncomment "mountd: 142.90.0.0/255.255.0.0"
- create /etc/exports. example:
/home1 @home_export(rw,no_root_squash,async) /data1 @data_export(rw,no_root_squash,async)
- check the netgroup file
- if using NIS: check NIS netgroup: ypcat -k netgroup
- if no NIS, create /etc/netgroup: @daqmachines (deap00,,) (deap01,,) (deap02,,)
- if no NIS, edit /etc/nsswitch.conf, make the netgrooup line read: "netgroup: files"
- chkconfig nfs on
- chkconfig nfslock on
- service nfs restart
Then on ladd00 need to do
- ssh to root@ladd00
- edit /etc/auto.daq to add new machine...
- make -C /var/yp
Enable NFS V4 SERVER (SL6)
- if used with NIS, same as NFSv3
- if used as standalone, need to edit idmapd.conf - set the "Domain" name to the same value on NFS server and NFS slave (default automagically determined value does not always work). More TBW.
Enable AMANDA backups
AMANDA backups are already enabled by TRIUMF kickstart installs. For non-kickstart installation, follow instructions at [http://amanda/~amanda], or look at "/triumfcs/trshare/olchansk/linux/amanda/amanda-enable.perl". As final step, use [https://helpdesk.triumf.ca] to contact TRIUMF CS to add this new machine to the amanda backup list.
- yum install triumf-amanda
Enable DCACHE
DAQ dcache server is mounted as
/daq/pnfs/triumf.ca/data/
This instructions are unnecessary
- # mkdir -p /pnfs
- # edit /etc/rc.local, add to the end of file: "mount -o intr,rw,noac,hard,nfsvers=3 trdata00:/pnfs /pnfs &"
- # . /etc/rc.local
For more information on, see TrdataDcache dcache page.
Configure Ganglia
SL4 Ganglia instructions (KO ganglia-3.2)
cd /triumfcs/trshare/olchansk/linux/ganglia-3.2/SL4-32 #### or SL4-64 for 64-bit machines rpm -vh --install apr*.rpm rpm -vh --upgrade lib*.rpm ganglia*.rpm /bin/rm /etc/gmond.conf scp ladd00:gmond.conf /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf chkconfig gmond on service gmond restart
SL5 Ganglia instructions (KO ganglia-3.2)
cd /triumfcs/trshare/olchansk/linux/ganglia-3.2/SL5-64 #### or SL5-32 for 32-bit machines yum install libconfuse rpm -vh --upgrade lib*.rpm ganglia*.rpm yum erase ganglia /bin/rm /etc/gmond.conf scp ladd00:gmond.conf /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf chkconfig gmond on service gmond restart
SL6 Ganglia instructions (EPEL6 ganglia-3.1)
/bin/rm /etc/gmond.conf yum install "*gmond*" /bin/rm /etc/ganglia/conf.d/ganglia-triumf-daq.conf cp ~/git/scripts/etc/gmond.conf /etc/ganglia/gmond.conf chkconfig gmond on service gmond restart
Configure TRIUMF DAQ packages
(+CentOS7)
cd /etc/yum.repos.d wget http://daq.triumf.ca/~daqweb/yum/triumf-daq.repo
Install Konstantin's packages
(+CentOS7)
yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=triumf-daq --skip-broken install diskscrub emailonreboot monitor_nfs "ganglia-*" triumf_nodeinfo
Install memtest and PXE boot
cd /boot
wget http://ladd00.triumf.ca/tftpboot/memtest86+-5.01.bin.gz
wget http://ladd00.triumf.ca/tftpboot/memtest86+-4.20.bin.gz
wget http://ladd00.triumf.ca/tftpboot/memtest86+-4.10
wget http://ladd00.triumf.ca/tftpboot/gpxe-1.0.1+-gpxe.lkrn
emacs -nw /boot/grub/grub.conf
title memtest86+-5.01
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/memtest86+-5.01.bin.gz
title memtest86+-4.20
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/memtest86+-4.20.bin.gz
title memtest86+-4.10
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/memtest86+-4.10
title pxeboot
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/gpxe-1.0.1+-gpxe.lkrn
Install node monitoring
(+CentOS7)
yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=triumf-daq --skip-broken install triumf_nodeinfo /usr/sbin/sendnodeinfo.perl --config ladd00.triumf.ca:8600 emacs -nw /etc/nodeinfo /usr/sbin/sendnodeinfo.perl ladd00.triumf.ca:8600
Install latest system updates
yum update -y
Install packages needed for QUARTUS, ROOT, EPICS and MIDAS DAQ
(+CentOS7)
yum install --skip-broken giflib.x86_64 sysstat "libusb-devel*" unixODBC-devel postgresql-devel libxml2-devel libXpm-devel libgfortran git compat-readline43 "graphviz*" dcap "tigervnc*" telnet glibc"*" strace "fftw*" libpng "freetype*" xpdf "xemacs*" tkcvs xterm mutt "*g77*" joe "libXmu*" dcap-devel gsl-devel pcre-devel h5py gd-devel xorg-x11-fonts"*" minicom xfig"*" perl-BSD-Resource "net-snmp-*" readline-static git-all "boost-*" nasm imake tcl-devel gv xorg-x11-twm expat-devel screen compat-readline5 ImageMagick ImageMagick-devel wget alacarte scipy numpy nedit gnuplot php-cli php-domxml-php4-php5 php-gd php-fpdf php-cli kdebase cmake tcpdump sqlite sqlite-devel kdegraphics gdisk lsof gconf-editor iftop tk-devel mcelog
yum install --skip-broken giflib.i386 giflib.i686 compat-libf2c-34.i386 compat-libf2c-34.i686 mysql-devel.i686 openssl-devel.i686 unixODBC-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.i386 libstdc++-devel.i686 "zlib-*.i686" "libXext-*.i686" "libXtst-*.i686" glibc-static.i686 freetype.i686 fontconfig.i686 libpng.i686 libXrender.i686 glibc-devel.i686 libX11-devel.i686 libXpm-devel.i686 libXft-devel.i686 mysql-devel.i686 dcap-devel.i686 gsl-devel.i686 pcre-devel.i686 fontconfig-devel.i686 freetype-devel.i686 libpng-devel.i686 libjpeg-devel.i686 libgfortran.i686 libxml2-devel.i686 gd-devel.i686 readline-devel.i686 ncurses-devel.i686 libXdmcp.i686 readline-static.i686 compat-readline5.i686
yum install boost-devel.i686
yum install rdesktop
yum reinstall urw-fonts
Remove unnecessary packages
This is optional. Only do this if reducing the size of the OS image is very important.
yum erase "texlive*" "java*" "boost*" "kernel-devel*"
Install SMART scripts
(+CentOS7)
ln -sf ~/git/scripts/smart-status/smart-status.perl ~/
Install NTFS drivers
yum install ntfs-3g ntfsprogs (from EPEL)
Install Google Chrome web browser (64-bit SL6)
rpm -vh --install /triumfcs/trshare/olchansk/linux/google-chrome/google-chrome-stable-27.0.1453.110-202711.x86_64.rpm sed 's/enabled=.*/enabled=0/' -i /etc/yum.repos.d/google-chrome*.repo
Install Google Chrome web browser (64-bit CentOS7)
- create yum repo with following contents: emacs -nw /etc/yum.repos.d/google-chrome-64.repo
[google-chrome-64] name=google-chrome - 64-bit baseurl=http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/rpm/stable/x86_64 enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://dl-ssl.google.com/linux/linux_signing_key.pub
- yum install google-chrome-stable
Enable 100dpi fonts for EPICS
(+CentOS7)
ln -s /usr/share/X11/fonts/100dpi /etc/X11/fontpath.d/
Disable gdm and X11 (OPTIONAL)
initctl stop prefdm echo "start on never" > /etc/init/prefdm.override echo "start on never" > /etc/init/splash-manager.override initctl reload-configuration
then enable login on default console:
echo "plymouth quit" >> /etc/rc.local echo "X_TTY=xxx/dev/tty1" >> /etc/sysconfig/init
Install JAVAWS (OPTIONAL)
- to run Java "web start" jnlp files (EVO, SEEVOGH, etc): javaws Downloads/spider.jnlp
- install javaws:
- yum install icedtea-web icedtea-web-javadoc
Install firefox java plugin (OPTIONAL, DO NOT DO THIS)
This installs the Oracle Java plugin:
- rpm -vh --install ~deap/jdk-7u15-linux-x64.rpm
- ls -l /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/
- ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_15/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so /usr/lib64/mozilla/plugins/
- start firefox, go edit->preferences->general->manage add-ons->plugins
- "java plugin 1.7.0_15" should be listed
Install SKYPE (OPTIONAL)
- on SL6
- yum install alsa-lib.i686 libXv.i686 libXScrnSaver.i686 glib2.i686 libtiff.i686
- ln -s /usr/lib/libtiff.so.3 /usr/lib/libtiff.so.4
- download skype_staticQT-4.0.0.8 ("linux static Qt" choice), untar, cd into it
- "ldd ./skype" to confirm that all required shared libraries are installed
- ./skype
Configure USB device permissions
Configure USB device permissions for user access to USB-serial devices, Altera USB Blaster, etc.
- create file /etc/udev/rules.d/99-usb-chmod.rules with this contents:
emacs -nw /etc/udev/rules.d/99-usb-chmod.rules
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb_device", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+wr /dev/%c"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="usb_device", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+wr /proc/%c"
ACTION=="add", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="usb_device", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+wr $env{DEVNAME}"
ACTION=="add", ENV{DEVTYPE}=="usb_device", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+wr $env{DEVICE}"
ACTION=="add", ENV{PHYSDEVBUS}=="usb-serial", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+wr $env{DEVNAME}"
ACTION=="add", ENV{DEVPATH}=="/class/tty/ttyS*", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+wr $env{DEVNAME}"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="tty", DEVPATH=="*ttyUSB*", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+rw $env{DEVNAME}"
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="tty", DEVPATH=="*ttyS*", RUN+="/bin/chmod a+rw $env{DEVNAME}"
- apply new permissions: udevadm trigger --action=add
Disable modem-manager
The modem-manager will try to talk to any serial devices attached to USB serial ports. It assumes that those devices are modems and will send out modem-specific commands. if the devices are not modems and do not understand or do not like modem commands, well that's too bad. modem-manager is installed by the ModemManager package required by the NetworkManager package, and there is no configuration setting to turn modem-manager off.
One way to disable it is: chmod a= /usr/sbin/modem-manager
Another way to disable it is by forced uninstall: rpm --erase --nodeps ModemManager
Remember to kill the running copy: killall -KILL modem-manager
Caveat: it is not clear if modem-manager would not be resurrected by an update to the NetworkManager or ModemManager packages.
Configure Altera jtagd
(if needed)
mkdir /etc/jtagd echo 'Password = "123";' > /etc/jtagd/jtagd.conf cp -pv /triumfcs/trshare/olchansk/altera/11.0/quartus/linux/pgm_parts.txt /etc/jtagd/jtagd.pgm_parts
- start local jtagd: /triumfcs/trshare/olchansk/altera/11.0/quartus/bin/jtagd
- test local connection: /triumfcs/trshare/olchansk/altera/11.0/quartus/bin/jtagconfig
- test remote connection (add this machine to your .jtag.conf, run jtagconfig
For more information, go to Quartus
(OBSOLETE) Configure packages
- yum install xpdf "xemacs*" tkcvs xterm mutt "*g77*" joe "libXmu*"
- (not needed for SL5.5 kickstart) erase unwanted packages: yum erase logwatch mailman mrtg inn inn-devel cyrus-imapd cyrus-imapd-devel cyrus-imapd-murder cyrus-imapd-nntp webalizer squirrelmail rhn-applet yumex-applet apt-autoupdate SL_enable_serialconsole tog-pegasus kernel-largesmp kernel-hugemem kernel-largesmp-devel spamassassin slrn-pull openafs kernel-module-openafs openafs-debug openafs-devel openafs-kernel-source kernel-largesmp kernel-hugemem kernel-hugemem-devel xen kernel-xen bash-completion
- yum update
Configure GRUB boot loader
- edit /boot/grub/grub.conf, remove the "quiet" and "rhgb" options
- edit /boot/grub/grub.conf, comment out (with "#") the "splashimage=" line
- check that GRUB boot loader is installed on all system disks:
- dd if=/dev/sda bs=1 count=1024 2>&1 | strings | grep GRUB
- dd if=/dev/sdb bs=1 count=1024 2>&1 | strings | grep GRUB
- if GRUB is not installed, (i.e. on the 2nd disk of machines with mirrored system disk), (but check that /dev/sdb is the right disk):
# grub grub> device (hd0) /dev/sdb grub> root (hd0,0) grub> setup (hd0)
Configure GRUB boot loader (CentOS7)
- edit /etc/default/grub, remove the "quiet" and "rhgb" options
- (maybe) grub2-install /dev/sda
- check that GRUB boot loader is installed on all system disks:
- dd if=/dev/sda bs=1 count=1024 2>&1 | strings | grep GRUB
- dd if=/dev/sdb bs=1 count=1024 2>&1 | strings | grep GRUB
- if GRUB is not installed, (--- unfinished)
Disable ELREPO
sed 's/enabled=.*/enabled=0/' -i /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo_triumf.repo sed 's/enabled=.*/enabled=0/' -i /etc/yum.repos.d/elrepo.repo
Special hardware settings
ASUS Crosshair mobo
- use BIOS version 1207 or newer
- sensors need these drivers from ELREPO: yum install --noplugins kmod-it87 kmod-k10temp; sensors-detect; service lm_sensors restart; sensors
ASUS Crosshair-II mobo
- use BIOS version 2607 or newer
- for the onboard IDE to work, add "all-generic-ide" to kernel boot options in grub.conf
- sensors need these drivers from ELREPO: yum install --noplugins kmod-it87 kmod-k10temp; sensors-detect; service lm_sensors restart; sensors
ASUS P7P55D EVO mobo
- use BIOS version 2004 or newer
- SL6 - install special driver for on board PCIe GigE network port and disable on board PCI GigE network port:
- yum --enablerepo elrepo install kmod-r8168 kmod-r8169
- # do not do this: sed 's/^blacklist/#blacklist/' -i /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist-r8169.conf
- reboot
- verify that correct drivers are loaded: ethtool -i eth0; ethtool -i eth1
- note: there will be no eth1 - r8169 driver is disabled.
ASUS P6X58-E-WS mobo
- BIOS settings
- F1 or DEL to enter BIOS setup, F8 boot menu
- go to POWER->HW mon, confirm CPU temperature is around 30C. (heatsink is installed correctly. Bad heatsink temperature quickly goes up to 50-70C).
- Main menu: Storage config - SATA change IDE->AHCI
- System information: confirm BIOS version 301, CPU type, memory size
- AI Tweak: set DRAM frequency - AUTO->DDR3-1333
- Advanced->Onboard devices: LAN BOOT: enabled
- Power->HW monitor: CPU Q-FAN: enabled
- Boot->Settings: Quick boot: enabled; Full screen logo: disabled; Wait for F1: disabled
- Save and exit
ASUS E35M1-M PRO mobo
- http://www.asus.com/Motherboards/E35M1M_PRO/#specifications
- use BIOS version 1002 or newer
- for CPU temperature: install kmod-k10temp from ELREPO (kmod-k10temp-0.0-4.el6.elrepo.x86_64.rpm)
- for Sensors: yum --enablerepo elrepo install kmod-w83627ehf; modprobe w83627ehf; sensors
- for Graphics: yum --enablerepo elrepo install kmod-fglrx fglrx-x11-drv
- to enable booting from USB3, edit /etc/dracut.conf, change line "add_drivers" to read: add_drivers+="xhci-hcd"
- to use multiple monitors, run "aticonfig --initial --heads=2 --adapter=1 --xinerama=on", to change screen layout, edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf. Only dual monitors DVI+HDMI seem to work. Tripple monitors does not seem to work.
Sensors instructions below are obolete (use driver from ELREPO)
- for Sensors, install driver for NCT6776F chip from https://github.com/groeck/w83627ehf/archives/master (in the Makefile, change the line "KERNEL_BUILD=" to read: "KERNEL_BUILD:=/usr/src/kernels/$(TARGET)"):
cd ~root wget http://ladd00.triumf.ca/~olchansk/linux/groeck-w83627ehf-dd3e543/w83627ehf.ko echo "modprobe hwmon; modprobe hwmon-vid; modprobe k10temp; rmmod w83627ehf; insmod /root/w83627ehf.ko" >> /etc/rc.local
ASUS E45M1-M PRO mobo
- https://www.asus.com/Motherboards/E45M1M_PRO/#specifications
- use BIOS 1202 or newer
- follow the E35M1-M PRO instructions above
ASUS P9X79 WS
- http://www.asus.com/Motherboard/P9X79_WS/
- use BIOS version 3101, 3401 or newer. If BIOS is 1305 or older, install P9X79-WS-CAP-Converter.ROM (BIOS 2902/3101), then the new BIOS.
- for CPU temperature, install coretemp
- for sensors, install driver for NCT6776F chip same as E35M1-M above.
- BIOS Settings:
- enter "Advanced mode"
- Ai Tweaker -> Ai Overclock Tuner -> Set to "XMP" - this enables DDR3-1600 RAM speed vs DDR3-1333 by default
- Monitor -> CPU fan speed low limit -> Set to "200 RPM" - we are using high efficiency slow turning CPU coolers and the default 600 RPM is right on the edge of firing false warnings
- Boot -> Full screen logo -> Set to "disabled"
- Wait for F1 -> Set to "disabled"
ASUS P8B-M
- use BIOS version 6103 or newer
- for CPU temperature, install coretemp
- for sensors, install driver for NCT6776F chip same as E35M1-M above.
SUPERMICRO
(use "dmidecode | more" to read mobo model number)
X9SCL
- yum install kmod-w83627ehf.x86_64 coretemp
- xemacs -nw /etc/rc.local, add:
modprobe coretemp modprobe w83627ehf
ASUS Z87-WS
cd ~root wget http://ladd00.triumf.ca/~olchansk/linux/nct6775/nct6775.ko
Place the modprobe and insmod lines in /etc/rc.local to load the drivers at boot time
modprobe hwmon-vid insmod /root/nct6775.ko
ASUS AM1M-A
- use BIOS 602 or later
- SL6.5 installer cannot use USB2 ports and the network. Use USB3 ports (blue colour) to boot USB installer (memtest, rescue, etc)
- SL6.5 kernels require boot option "iommu=soft" or USB2 and network do not work. (USB3 - blue ports - seems okey)
- install ATI/AMD video drivers from ELREPO (see below)
- sensors chip is ITE IT8623E, use standalone driver from lm_sensors. (2 fans rpm, 2 temperatures).
- AMD "Athlon(tm) 5350 APU" graphics supports 2 monitors maximum (mobo has 3 video outputs, only 2 can be used together)
Intel SE7230NH1
- front panel header connector pinout is like this:
PWR LED | 1 2|
| 3 4|
PWR LED | 5 6|
HDD LED | 7 8|
HDD LED | 9 10|
PWR SW |11 12| NIC1 LED
PWR SW |13 14| NIC1 LED
RST SW |15 16|
RST SW |17 18|
|19 20|
NMI SW |21 22| NIC2 LED
NMI SW |23 24| NIC2 LED
... |... |
|33 34|
Configure X11 graphics
Special settings for DAQ
- add the following at the end of /etc/X11/xorg.conf. The enables Ctrl-Alt-KP-/ and Ctrl-Alt-KP-* to unlock the keyboard after Altera Quartus crash:
Section "ServerFlags" Option "AllowDeactivateGrabs" "true" Option "AllowClosedownGrabs" "true" EndSection
Install NVIDIA drivers
- yum --enablerepo=elrepo install nvidia-detect
- run: nvidia-detect
- as instructed by nvidia-detect, install correct driver:
- yum --enablerepo=elrepo install kmod-nvidia
- yum --enablerepo=elrepo install kmod-nvidia-304xx
- yum --enablerepo=elrepo install kmod-nvidia-173xx
- (before SL6.x: if it fails due to conflict with module-init-tools, run "yum --disablerepo \* --enablerepo elrepo update module-init-tools")
- yum erase xorg-x11-glamor ### see http://elrepo.org/tiki/kmod-nvidia (search for glamor)
- mv /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf-xxx
- nvidia-xconfig
- (SL6) reboot
- (SL5) /dev/MAKEDEV nvidia
- (SL5) restart the X11 server (Ctrl-Alt-Backspace or "killall Xorg gdm-binary")
- observe that X11 server restarts using the NVIDIA driver (big NVIDIA logo on startup)
- if needed, login as root and run "nvidia-settings" to setup dual-screen configuration, etc
Install legacy NVIDIA drivers
For old NVIDIA cards:
- GeForce FX 5500
wget http://us.download.nvidia.com/XFree86/Linux-x86/173.14.31/NVIDIA-Linux-x86-173.14.31-pkg1.run sh ./NVIDIA-Linux-x86-173.14.31-pkg1.run
- GeForce 6200 - NVIDIA Corporation NV44A [GeForce 6200]
yum install nvidia-x11-drv-304xx-304.121 --enablerepo=elrepo nvidia-xconfig rmmod nvidia killall gdm-binary login as root nvidia-settings to setup multiple displays
Install ATI/AMD drivers
- yum --enablerepo elrepo install kmod-fglrx fglrx-x11-drv
- check that /etc/X11/xorg.conf section "Device" entry "Driver" says "fglrx"
- run "amdcccle" as root to configure dual-screens, etc
- killall Xorg
Install Intel drivers for HD4600/Z87
SL6.5 has the required drivers for the socket 1150 machines with Intel HD4600 graphics and Z87 chipset.
ASUS Z87 WS motherboard has these video connections with corresponding Intel video port assignements, as reported by "xrandr":
- DisplayPort - DP1/HDMI1
- MiniDisplayPort - DP2/HDMI2
- HDMI - HDMI3
Due to hardware limitations, 3 HDMI monitors using 2 passive DP-HDMI adapters (and 1 straight HDMI) cannot be used.
To use 3 monitors do this:
- 1st monitor: DisplayPort - DP-to-HDMI-passive-adapter - HDMI monitor (not tried: DP-to-DP-cable - DisplayPort monitor).
- 2nd monitor: MiniDisplayPort - MiniDP-to-DP-cable - DisplayPort monitor
- 3rd monitor: HDMI - HDMI-cable - HDMI monitor
With the monitors I have (Dell 1920x1200 VGA-HDMI-DP), the software thinks that there are 4 monitors: somehow both DP2 and HDMI2 see 1 minitor each, but the hardware cannot drive 4 monitors, so everything goes blank. To fix, disable HDMI2 (xrandr -display :0 --output HDMI2 --off) and enable DP2 (xrandr -display :0 --output DP2 --auto).
How to make this configuration permanent and how to assign monitor locations (left-right, etc), you figure it out.
Manual selection of monitor, video mode and resolution
Automatic selection of monitor and video mode usually works. When it does not, configure it manualls:
- physically go to the computer
- login as root
- run "nvidia-settings" on machines using the NVIDIA driver
- run "aticonfig" on machines with the ATI/AMD driver (use "aticonfig --initial" for initial setup, and good luck with anything more complicated)
- run "system-config-display".
- In the "hardware" tab, select monitor type: "generic LCD 1280x1024" or "generic LCD 1600x1200".
- In the "settings" tab, select "1280x1024" or "1600x1200" and "Thousands of colors".
- Press "ok", the display settings application should close.
- Logout, the new login window should use the new settings.
Disable screen saver
If machine is booted without any monitor connected, current video cards to not enable any video outputs. If a monitor is connected later, there is no video image and there is no easy way to get a video image.
This can be solved by configuring X11 to always enable some video output. Because the monitor type is not known when X11 starts, one has to select some standard video mode (i.e. VESA 1280x1024) on some video output (VGA, DVI or HDMI).
Only NVIDIA cards with the NVIDIA driver (from EPEL) is supported by these instructions.
- create default xorg.conf: nvidia-xconfig
- edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
- add monitor section for the fake monitor:
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Monitor0"
VendorName "Unknown"
ModelName "Unknown"
HorizSync 31.0 - 83.0
VertRefresh 59.0 - 61.0
Option "DPMS" "off"
ModeLine "1280x1024" 108.00 1280 1328 1440 1688 1024 1025 1028 1066 +hsync +vsync
EndSection
- add output selection in the "Device" section:
Section "Device"
Identifier "Device0"
Driver "nvidia"
VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
BoardName "GeForce 210"
#Option "ConnectedMonitor" "DFP"
#Option "ConnectedMonitor" "CRT"
Option "ConnectedMonitor" "CRT-1"
Option "UseEDID" "no"
EndSection
- add fake video mode to the "Screen" section:
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Device0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1280x1024"
EndSubSection
EndSection
- disable screen saver and DPMS power off in the "ServerLayout" or "ServerFlags" section:
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Layout0"
Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0
InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
Option "Xinerama" "0"
Option "BlankTime" "0"
Option "StandbyTime" "0"
Option "SuspendTime" "0"
Option "OffTime" "0"
EndSection
Section "ServerFlags"
Option "BlankTime" "0"
Option "StandbyTime" "0"
Option "SuspendTime" "0"
Option "OffTime" "0"
EndSection
Finish installation
- logout and reboot the computer to have all the changes to take effect
Configure large RAID6 arrays
- connect the disks
- check the disks health
- run smart-status.perl
- partition the disks
- yum install gdisk
- gdisk /dev/sdX
- delete all partitions: o
- create new partition: n, enter, enter, enter, fd00 (default sizes, partition type fd00)
- write and exit: w
- check presence of all partitions:
- /bin/ls -l /dev/sd*1
- prepare to use an external bitmap file
- touch /md6bitmap
- edit /etc/fstab, change entry for root filesystem from: "defaults 1 1" to "defaults 0 0"
- edit /boot/grub/grub.conf, change entry "kernel ... ro ..." to "kernel ... rw ..."
- create raid array:
- mdadm --create /dev/md6 --level=6 --bitmap=/md6bitmap --raid-devices=10 /dev/sd[b-k]1
- mdadm -Ds >> /etc/mdadm.conf
- cleanup /etc/mdadm.conf
- echo "echo 16384 > /sys/block/md6/md/stripe_cache_size" >> /etc/rc.local
- echo "echo 1 > /sys/block/md6/md/sync_speed_min" >> /etc/rc.local
- source /etc/rc.local
- observe raid array rebuild:
- watch -d -n1 "cat /proc/mdstat"